proach and of immense help to law enforcement. On the other hand, he felt one could fairly ask the question: does this help or hinder in the rehabilitation of the sex offender?

For his part he tended to think that it just might be a deterrent to the man trying to rehabilitate himself in society. Any time a sex crime was committed the man stood to be exposed before friends or employers who knew nothing of his past, and for no other reason than that he had a record. Mr. Buckley felt that there had been tremendous progress in the last few years in the area of rehabilitation. He said that while judges might have their idiosyncracies, he felt that by and large they all strove mightly to understand the problem and to try to fit the punishment and/or rehabilitation method most proper to the offender in question.

SEX EDUCATION

Dr. Maurice J. Karpf, Ph.D., Clinical Psychologist, spoke on "Community Values and Sex Education." Dr. Karpf began by disagreeing strongly with Mr. Buckley that society had not changed its attitude toward sex very much in the last 2000 years. He gave us a statistical rundown on the number of times articles had appeared on the subject of venereal disease in magazines or newspapers from 1905 to 1939. In the New York Times alone the statistics went from no articles for the years 1905-1918; three articles for 1918-1919; three articles for 19351936; and 57 articles for the years 1936-1939. He believed that these statistics showed a change in values. (Dr. Ziferstein had earlier pointed out that while people seemed freer on the surface in writing or in speaking about sex, that underneath they were just as scared and full of conflicts as ever.)

Dr. Karpf stated that his bias was social psychology; that he was interested primarily in the influence of the group on the individual. He was interested in psychotherapy in family relations. He stated five "laws" that he had gleaned from his studies:

1. Sex values are usually part and parcel of a general value system; this applies to individuals and groups.

2. Values are learned; they are not biologically inherited.

3. Permanent and positive values are most effectively learned in primary group relations: i.e. a. The Family b. Play groups c. School d. Neighborhood e. The Club f. The Church; (in that order). 4. Values most effectively learned are by example and precept, (in that order). One can imitate an example, but not a precept. The precept can only reinforce or, divide and confuse; but example is the stronger of the two.

5. It is much easier to adhere to a negative rather than a positive system of values. Translation: It is much easier to be bad than good. Reason: a. It requires discipline to be good. b. The social climate is terribly important.

Dr. Karpf said that current sex values may be judged best by individual and social practices. Citing an example, from statistics again, he stated that in the years 1956-1960 venereal disease among youngsters 15-19 years of age rose from 10% to 22%, on a 100,000 population basis. There is three times as much venereal disease in this age group as in any other age group. Only one out of five VD cases is reported to the authorities. Dr. Karpf stated further that premarital sex relationships for high school males is an